Subject: ＥＥＥ会議（鼎の軽重を問われる国際原子力機関）
Date: Thu, 1 May 2003 10:11:10 +0900
From: "kkaneko" <kkaneko@eagle.ocn.ne.jp>

各位殿

今回のイラク問題や北朝鮮の核開発問題で、本来最も活躍すべき国際原子力機関
（IAEA）が脇役に追いやられ、核不拡散レジームの担い手として鼎の軽重を問われて
います。アイゼンハワー大統領の「Atoms for Peace」演説（1953年）により創設さ
れたIAEAが、同演説５０周年の節目の年に、生みの親の米国から見離されつつあるや
に見えるのは、誠に皮肉な巡り合わせといわねばなりません。目下ジュネーヴで開催
中の次回ＮＰＴ再検討会議(2005年）準備委員会で昨日IAEA代表が行った次のスピー
チが、IAEAの苦悩を如実に物語っています。IAEA在勤中の伊藤正彦氏（日本原子力防
護システム）のご提供によるものです。ご参考まで。
金子熊夫

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IAEA says nuclear arms control regime under attack
By Louis Charbonneau　(29 April 2003)

VIENNA (Reuters) - The goal of ridding the world of nuclear weapons has been
undermined by the U.S.-led war on Iraq and North Korea's policy of nuclear
defiance, the United Nations nuclear watchdog agency said on Tuesday.

Director of external relations and policy coordination at the U.N.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Piet de Klerk, said in the
written text of a speech: "The nuclear arms control regime is being
challenged and is clearly under stress.

"The challenges include the effort to verify Iraq's nuclear capabilities
(and North Korea's) defiance of its NPT safeguards obligations," he told
delegates from countries that signed the 1968 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
at a meeting in Geneva.

The U.S. decision to go to war against Iraq, ending U.N. arms inspections in
the Arab state, could be seen as a vote of no-confidence in all forms of
weapons inspections -- a key aspect of the NPT regime -- diplomats said.

"The implication that inspections are not effective does have an impact on
the credibility of the worldwide system of inspections," a diplomatic source
close to the IAEA inspectors told Reuters.

IAEA inspectors returned to Baghdad in November after a four-year gap to
resume their hunt for clues Iraq had revived its nuclear arms programme, as
the U.S. and Britain alleged.

IAEA teams worked in tandem with inspectors from chief U.N. weapons
inspector Hans Blix's UNMOVIC monitoring and verification agency, charged
with finding Saddam Hussein's alleged chemical, biological and ballistic
weapons.

While UNMOVIC inspectors found some banned missiles, they were neither able
to prove or disprove U.S. allegations that Saddam had been stockpiling
biological and chemical weapons.

Despite the accusations against Iraq made by Washington and London, the
IAEA -- which had discovered and dismantled Iraq's ambitious nuclear weapons
programme before its inspectors fled Baghdad in late 1998 -- found no signs
Saddam had been trying again to make nuclear bombs.

Now that the war is over, the U.S. has yet to let the IAEA return to Iraq,
even though the agency still has a Security Council mandate in Iraq and is
the only body authorised to verify compliance with the NPT, which Baghdad
has signed.

IAEA officials say privately they have no idea when the U.S. will let them
return to Iraq.


PROBLEMS WITH PYONGYANG

Iraq is not the only thorn in the side of the NPT and the IAEA. North Korea,
which probably poses a much bigger nuclear threat than Iraq, has rejected
both the NPT and IAEA in order to press ahead with its nuclear programme.

Less than three months before IAEA inspectors were told to quit ahead of the
U.S.-led war to topple Saddam Hussein, IAEA inspectors were kicked out of
North Korea and left with no ability to monitor the reclusive state's
nuclear facilities.

Unable to ensure that Pyongyang was complying with the NPT, IAEA chief
Mohamed ElBaradei was left with no choice but to pass the issue to the
Security Council, which has the power to impose economic sanctions.

With the IAEA out of North Korea, Pyongyang has withdrawn from the NPT,
carried out missile tests and claims to have reprocessed spent fuel to
extract arms-grade plutonium -- which both the U.S. and IAEA say amounts to
nuclear blackmail.

The Security Council has taken no action against North Korea, preferring to
shelve the matter in the hope that the U.S. and North Korea will reach a
deal alone that prevents the U.N. from having to mull economic sanctions on
destitute North Korea.

Meanwhile the IAEA hopes to return to North Korea and has repeatedly
appealed to Pyongyang to rejoin the NPT and readmit U.N. inspectors.